Gender Quotas Database
Kyrgyzstan
Central Asia
Single / Lower House
Jogorku Kenesh / Supreme Council
| Total seats | 90 |
| Total women | 19 |
| Percentage of women | 21% |
| Election year | 2021 |
| Electoral system | Parallel |
| Quota type | Legislated Candidate Quotas |
| Election details | IDEA Voter Turnout - IPU Parline |
| Legal source | Details | |
|---|---|---|
| Quota type: Legislated Candidate Quotas | Electoral law |
The procedure for nominating lists of candidates for deputies of the Jogorku Kenesh When determining the list of candidates, a political party is obliged to take into account the representation of: - no more than 70 percent of candidates of the same sex, while the difference in order in the lists of candidates of women and men nominated from political parties should not exceed three positions; (Article 60.3) |
| Rank order/placement rules | Electoral law |
In the event of early termination of the powers of a deputy, his mandate is transferred to the next registered candidate: 1) from among female candidates, in the event of termination of the powers of a female deputy; (Article 64.4) |
| Is the provision of direct public funding to political parties related to gender equality among candidates? | Not applicable | See more in International IDEA's Political Finance database |
| Are there provisions for other financial advantages to encourage gender equality in political parties? | No | See more in International IDEA's Political Finance database |
Quota at the Sub-National Level
| Quota type | Legislated Candidate Quotas |
| Legal source | Details | |
|---|---|---|
| Quota type: Legislated Candidate Quotas | Constitution | |
| Electoral law |
Nomination of candidates for deputies of local councils When forming lists of candidates for city keneshes, political parties are obliged to take into account the representation of no more than 70 percent of people of the same sex, ... (Article 49.7) |
|
| Rank order/placement rules | Electoral law |
Nomination of candidates for deputies of local councils … while the difference in the order in the lists of candidates of women and men nominated from a political party should not exceed two positions. (Article 49.7) |
Voluntary Political Party Quotas*
| Party | Official Name | Details, Quota provisions |
|---|---|---|
| No data available. | ||
* Only political parties represented in parliament are included. When a country has legislated quotas in place, only political parties that have voluntary quotas that exceed the percentage/number of the national quota legislation are presented in this table.
Additional information
In the 2005 elections, during which the country moved from a bicameral to a unicameral parliament with a majority/plurality electoral system, no women were elected to parliament. In 2007, the number of seats in the chamber was increased from 75 to 90, and the electoral system was changed to proportional representation.
In the new 2010 Constitution, the electoral system was further reformed. Under the new system, 120 members of parliament are elected in one nationwide constituency. Seats are distributed to parties in proportion to the share of votes they obtain. However, no party can win over 65 seats. Vacant seats are filled by ‘next-in-line’ candidates of the same party.
The new constitution, which was adopted in April of 2021, replaces a parliamentary system with a presidential one, with presidents limited to two five years terms instead of a single six-year term. It also reduces the number of seats in the Supreme Council from 120 to 90 and establishes a constitutional court.
Kyrgyzstan has mixed system which consist of proportional representation component under which 54 members are elected and single member districts under which 36 members are elected. The law provides 30% quota only for the proportional representation component and for single mandate districts there is no such requirement (OSCE EOM Report).
In August 2019, the law on the 30 per cent quota in the local councils was successfully adopted by the national parliament, signed by the President of the Kyrgyz Republic, and thereafter entered into force (OSCE).
Sources
Legal Sources:
- Constitution of Kyrgyzstan - Link
- Election Law 2011 (amended through 2021) - Link
- Political Parties Law - Link
- Local Government Election Act - Link
Other Sources:
- Parliament of Kyrgyzstan - Link
- Electoral Commission - Link
- UNDP -Gender equality in the Kyrgyz Republic
- UNDP - Kyrgyzstan Gender Equality Strategy 2018
- UN Kyrgyz Republic - Why is a 30% gender quota in local councils important?
Additional reading
- See the latest updates on Kyrgyzstan on iKNOW Politics
- Kloop, 2021, Gender quotas as an opportunity for parties to gain power or a chance for women to get into politics, Kloop Link
- OSCE Election Observation Mission, Interim Report 2021, Link to the report
- Asian Development Bank (ADB), 2019, Kyrgyz Republic country gender assessment, ADB Link
- UNDP Kyrgyz Republic, President of Kyrgyzstan signs off a bill on gender quota in local parliaments, UNDP Link
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