Laws regulating the financing of electoral politics in Nigeria, including on political party and campaign finance, are guided by the 1999 Constitution, the 2022 Electoral Act, and the Independent National Electoral Commission’s (INEC) 2022 Regulations and Guidelines for Political Parties. Despite the existing control and regulatory frameworks, political finance laws, guidelines and regulations are violated with impunity in Nigeria.
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The Philippines’ Indigenous Peoples’ Rights Act seeks to uphold the rights of Indigenous Peoples to their ancestral domains. The implementation of the act is complex and demands a thorough evaluation. Mediation and conflict transformation are pivotal, serving as channels for dialogue and negotiations amidst the complex challenges.
The promotion, respect and protection of the Indigenous Cultural Communities’ rights is important to address historical and persistent injustices against these communities. The National Commission on Indigenous Peoples developed a policy known as ‘Eleven (11) Building Blocks of Resilient, Responsive, and Relevant ICCs/IPs’.
This Brief complement the use of International IDEA’s publication Indigenous Peoples’ Rights in Constitutions Assessment Tool to enable its use by those working to promote and protect Indigenous rights.
Indigenous Peoples constitute between 14 and 17 per cent of the population of the Philippines. In the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, a unique identity is taking shape, known as the Non-Moro Indigenous Peoples.
Local governance comprises a set of institutions, mechanisms and processes through which citizens and their groups can articulate their interests and needs and mediate their differences. The participation of citizens in governance is one of the underlying components of democracy. Engaging citizens in the act of governance engenders transparency, improves accountability and public resource management and brings about good policy outcomes, development and the social well-being of citizens.
There are various challenges to democracy which have worsened during the Covid-19 pandemic. Some countries have experienced democratic backsliding and other problems from the perspective of democratic participation, human rights and the rule of law.
The Indigenous Peoples’ Rights in Constitutions Assessment Tool helps users to analyse a constitution from the perspective of indigenous peoples’ rights.
A credible voter register gives legitimacy to the electoral process and helps prevent electoral fraud.
However, voter registration remains a complex and contested task. It is one of the most important activities that an electoral management body needs to conduct, but it is also one of the most costly in terms of both time and resources.
Calls for the integrity of elections urge governments and international actors to attach importance to the professionalism of electoral management bodies, the regulation of political finance and the promotion of equal participation and representation of women and marginalized groups.
Like other democracies, the Philippines still has its challenges, not least in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao.
This assessment of democracy at the local level in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao was conducted by the University of the Philippines National College of Public Administration and Governance (UP-NCPAG) and the Philippine Center for Islam and Democracy (PCID).
Building trust and professionalism in the management of electoral processes remains a major challenge for electoral management bodies (EMBs), institutions and/or bodies responsible for managing elections.
The ‘credibility gap’—the diminished public confidence in the integrity and diligence for many electoral institutions and their activities—is a common problem for EMBs around the world.