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To hold onto power and enforce total, fearful submission by its citizens, Belarus’ authoritarian regime has transformed itself into a totalitarian system. The human rights situation continues to deteriorate as the number of political prisoners grows and any dissenting voice is met with violence from the country’s security forces. Since the last presidential elections in August 2020, the regime has deepened and broadened its repression against independent media and journalists.
One of the particularities of what is currently being negotiated between Saudi Arabia and Ansar Allah is that the parties are contemplating establishing a revenue allocation mechanism in the absence of an overarching constitutional or political framework.
عملت المؤسسة الدولية للديمقراطية والانتخابات في عام ٢٠١٦ مع خبراء بارزين في القانون الدستوري على وضع منهجية جديدة لتقييم الدساتير. وتتألف المنهجية من تقييم ‘أداء’ الدستور المعني، وهذا يتضمن تحديد أهدافه والسعي للتأكد من تحقيقها بناء على بيانات مأخوذة من مصادر مختلفة. وقد طبقت المؤسسة تلك المنهجية منذ ذلك الحين على عدد من البلدان بالتعاون مع خبراء وشركاء محليين.
The European Union’s Eastern Partnership (EaP) covers six countries: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Republic of Moldova and Ukraine. The Covid-19 pandemic put a strain on fledgling democracies in the EaP region, aggravating pre-existing concerns, such as the weak rule of law, insufficient accountability of executive branches vis-à-vis legislatures and fragile media freedoms (see International IDEA 2022).
International IDEA and the Caucasus Institute for Peace, Democracy and Development (CIPDD) organized a conference in Tbilisi, Georgia, in 2005 on constitutional and political reform in Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan. It was dedicated to the exchange of information about the reform process in the three South Caucasus countries and the prospects for their European integration.